Investing in Gold
                                                    Posted: Feb. 4, 2003

So you think of gold as just a wartime investment.

Think again. Because it's negatively correlated -- meaning it rises when stocks, bonds, real estate and Treasury bills fall -- gold is a solid investment any time government debt translates to inflation. And it's the perfect antidote to Wall Street chaos.

"I would not buy gold as a means of investing due to temporary calamities," says Leonard Kaplan, president of Prospector Asset Management in Evanston, Ill. "Those tend to be a temporary rally, which soon quits. When we invaded Iraq in the early '90s, the gold market dropped almost $30 the minute the first bomb fell.

"But right now, if all goes well in the world -- Iraq and North Korea go away, there are no sensationalistic terrorist events -- we'll still see gold's price rise in 2003," he adds.

Americans think gold during rough patches because it's the only true money source recognized through the centuries and around the world. It holds its value: studies show one ounce of gold has bought about 400 loaves of bread for the last 3,000 years. Unlike other money sources, it's liquid, portable and, along with silver, the only asset in the world that isn't someone else's liability.

And silver has less monetary trading clout. Its appeal today lies in the huge industrial demands. Because it's worth so much less per ounce than gold, it takes up more space to own a comparable amount. Platinum falls in the "very speculative" category, financial advisers say, and it doesn't convert to currency in doomsday scenarios.

"When we talk about precious metals, the question is should you own real money, and if so, how much," says Robert Prechter, author of Conquer the Crash.

Which way do I go?
Gold investors, such as Jackson Ferry, a 56-year-old communications consultant in New York City, face two paths at the outset: Do you want to own actual gold or stocks? Stocks appeal to the aggressive risk-takers.

"I am a conservative investor by nature," he says. "My motivation was to conserve our resources but be in a position to take advantage of the gold bull market."

Bullion
Prechter defines "conservative" as an investor who says no to stocks and heads straight for the real things.

"Often gold stocks go down over the life of a bear market like the one we're in now, just like most other common stocks," he explains.

Nor does he think much of owning gold certificates or gold storage accounts, which tempt investors with cheaper prices than if they chose to have the metal slapped into their hands. These pieces of paper promise to deliver the physical gold should you call in your claim. In a catastrophe, that guarantee may not be worth the paper it's written on.

"When people discuss buying gold, it usually means they've become worried about the social situation on the outside world, and they want some protection," Prechter says

Most investors who hit Certified Mint offices expect to pocket the real thing. Bullion coins come in one-twentieth, one-tenth, one-quarter, one-half and 1 ounce weights. Most citizens are familiar with the American Eagle (it currently stakes 90 percent of the bullion market).

 

Old-wealth families typically keep 5 percent of their portfolios in hard assets such as gold at all times, upping that to 20 percent in bad times, he adds.

Bullion's biggest headache lies in storage. Never keep it in your house, lest thieves someday stumble onto a bonanza. High rollers rent space in major depositories in Switzerland and Australia. “Doofuses” bury it in their backyards.

Some recommend that most people put their gold in a safe deposit box at the bank. Just be aware that when the feds confiscated citizens' gold during the Great Depression, politicians put a law on the books that said an IRS officer must be present when you opened your safe deposit box. In another government grab, Congress could try to resuscitate this oddity.

These days, gold tempts from a tax standpoint. Dealers who buy your bullion aren't required to issue a 1099 on American Eagles or Austrian Philharmonics. (Sell more than 10 Canadian Maple Leafs, however, and expect the paperwork next January.)

"It's a private transaction, and as a dealer I have no record of it," one dealer notes. "But by law as a citizen of the United States, you do have a capital gain. It's the honor system."

And you'll pay for being honorable. The capital gains tax on metals is 28 percent, well above the standard 20 percent capital gain tax for most investments. Of course, if you take a loss, you can claim that too, although that doesn't apply to jewelry.

The true difference between a good deal and rip-off lies in the upfront transaction fees. If you plan to purchase more than $2,500, experts say, walk away from any dealer charging more than 5 percent over spot, the technical term for where the market is trading. Smaller amounts should not incur more than a 10 percent markup. Haynes tells his clients to pay no more than $20 an ounce over spot for coins.

Since 1997, it's possible to put gold coins at least 995 fine (99.5 percent pure), Silver Eagle and Silver Maple Leaf coins into individual retirement accounts, but you must store the physical metal at HSBC Depository in New York City or Delaware Depository in Bloomington, Del.

You must also find an IRA fund such as American Church Trust in Houston that accepts precious metals, says Haynes. And this offer is open only to new coins you purchase -- you can't take the bullion from your safe deposit box and send it to your fund manager.

Bull markets bring out scams, myths and lies in the metal markets. Heed these experts' advice:

  • Buy jewelry only as a fashion accessory. In the Middle East and Southeast Asia, players buy bullion jewelry at an 18 percent markup. U.S. retailers impose a 300 percent to 600 percent hike on that sparkling chain under the glass. "Gold jewelry here is not an investment by any stretch of the imagination," Haynes says.
  • Steer clear of collector coins. Old coins appeal to numismatic collectors, but investors don't need to step into a world where they pay $600 to $700 for a coin containing $350 worth of gold. Unscrupulous dealers, however, pound home the fact that President Roosevelt's confiscation exempted "gold coins having a recognized special value to collectors of rare and unusual coins."

So what, says Haynes. "That doesn't mean any future call-in would do the same," he points out.

"I wish I had saved more when I was young so I could have committed more to gold when I did," says Ferry. "I'd be that much further along."